How do we measure similarity (dissimilarity)?

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Similarity and dissimilarity can be measured for two objects based on several features variables. Depending on the measurement scale of the features variable, similarity and dissimilarity (distance) can be determined. After the distance or similarity of each variable is determined, we can aggregate all features variables together into single Similarity (or dissimilarity) index between the two objects.

Distance for binary variables

Distance for nominal variables

Distance for ordinal variables

Distance for quantitative variables

Dissimilarity between two groups

Normalization of similarity or dissimilarity

Aggregation of mixed type of variables

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Teknomo, Kardi. Similarity Measurement. http:\\people.revoledu.com\kardi\ tutorial\Similarity\